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Martin Perez Altzega Gipuzkoako jaun feudalik garrantzitsuenetako bat izan zen Behe Erdi Aroan. Haren leinua Hernanin ezarri zen, eta hitzartutako ezkontzak antolatzen zituen, inolako zalantzarik gabe, bere oinordetza-hurrenkeraren boterea areagotzeko. Hamarrenak eta zergak kobratzen zituen ia gauza guztiengatik, errentak ateratzen zituzten burdinoletatik, fabriketatik, soroetatik\u2026 Tirano edo \u00abjauntxo\u00bb gisa gobernatzen zuten eta, horren truke, ustezko segurtasuna edo babesa eskaintzen zieten beren mendekoei. <\/p>\n
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\u00abAhaide nagusi\u00bb horiek bi bando handiren inguruan antolatu ziren: oinaztarrak, Gaztelako Erresumaren aldekoak; eta ganboatarrak, Nafarroako Erresumaren aldekoak. Hala ere, maiz interes alderdikoiez baliatzen ziren edozein aliantza apurtzeko. <\/p>\n
Botere handia bereganatu zuten, hiribilduak eta haranak kontrolatuz. Erregearen beraren irudia ere jarri zuten mehatxupean: gaizkileak babestu zituzten, \u00abgaizkinen muga\u00bb deiturikoan \u2015Nafarroako eta Gaztelako erresumen artean\u2015 lapurretak eta harrapaketak bultzatuz, Erregearen irudia ahultzeko asmoz. <\/p>\n
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Gaztelako monarkek aita ongileen irudia bereganatzen jakin zuten, herritarrak \u00abahaide nagusien\u00bb jarrera despotikoaren aurrean defendatzeko. Testuinguru horretan, eta beti erregearen laguntzarekin, Gipuzkoako Ermandadea abusu eta lege bidegabeen aurkako legeak egiten hasi zen, botere feudalaren monopolioa zalantzan jarriz. \u00abAhaide nagusiak\u00bb horri erantzuten saiatu ziren noski, eta beren indarrak batu zituzten botere berri haren aurka, baina beranduegi zen. <\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#26211d” background_image=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/saetera.jpg” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” bottom_divider_flip=”vertical” background_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_size_tablet=”cover” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” width_tablet=”100%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width=”1118px” module_alignment=”center” min_height=”605px” min_height_tablet=”” min_height_phone=”0px” min_height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_margin=”-61px|auto|-61px|auto|true|false” custom_margin_tablet=”0px|auto|0px|auto|true|false” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_padding=”0px||115px||false|false” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_size_phone=”cover” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” custom_padding=”|47px|||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|49px|||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto Slab||||||||” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_text_color=”gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187″ header_2_text_color=”#3f1107″ background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.66)” width=”525px” width_tablet=”71%” width_phone=”100%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” max_width=”100%” module_alignment=”right” custom_margin=”50px|20px|35px|20px|false|true” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”0px|0px|98px|0px|false|true” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”35px|50px|35px|50px|true|true” custom_padding_tablet=”|45px||45px|true|true” custom_padding_phone=”35px|25px|35px|25px|true|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” animation_style=”zoom” animation_duration=”300ms” animation_delay=”200ms” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”center” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|20px|20px|20px|20px” border_radii_tablet=”” border_radii_phone=”on|0px|0px|0px|0px” border_radii_last_edited=”on|phone” box_shadow_style=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93}”]1457an, Enrike IV.a erregeak, \u00abBandoen gerra\u00bb deituriko borrokaldi horiei amaiera eman ondoren, \u00abahaide nagusien\u00bb jauregi edo oinetxe haietako dorreak eta goiko zatiak txikitzeko agindua eman zuen, eta defentsarako elementuak (almenak, garitak\u2026) galdu zituzten. Portalondo etxea edo \u00abJentilen Dorrea\u00bb izan zen eraitsitako dorre horietako bat, eta Martin Perez Altzega \u2015hura izango zen, seguruenik, etxearen jabea\u2015, bere tropekin batera, Hernanitik deportatu zuten jauntxo horietako bat; gainera, Andaluziako lurretan borrokatzera behartu zituzten, Granadako nazari erresumaren aurka. Urte batzuk geroago, 1460an, indultatu egin zituzten, eta Gipuzkoara itzuli ziren, baina ordurako ezer ez zen lehengoa. Udal eta probintzietako ermandade eta erakundeek legeak egiteko modu berri baten ernamuina sortu zuten, eta horrela, kaparetasun kolektiboa ezarri zuten. Horrenbestez, probintziak lur nobletzat hartzen ziren, eta bertako herritarrak, berriz, izaki asketzat. Hurrengo mendeetan, foruak finkatu ziren, eta probintziako autogobernurako erakundeak sortu ziren, gaur egungo lurralde historikoak, alegia.
\n <\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#e4e3d1″ background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”initial” background_position=”bottom_right” module_alignment=”center” min_height_tablet=”” min_height_phone=”” min_height_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” bottom_divider_flip=”vertical” background_last_edited=”on|tablet” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo-eraikina3.jpg” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_right” positioning=”none” width=”100%” width_tablet=”100%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width=”1200px” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”201px||201px||true|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding_phone=”41px||11px||false|false” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_image_phone=”off” background_size_phone=”cover” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” horizontal_offset=”0px” z_index=”63″ custom_padding=”|0px|||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”|2px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto Slab||||||||” text_text_color=”gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f” header_text_color=”gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187″ header_2_text_color=”#3f1107″ background_enable_color=”off” z_index=”22″ width_tablet=”52%” width_phone=”100%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” module_alignment=”right” custom_margin=”0px|0px|10px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”30px||||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”35px|0px|35px|46px|true|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|45px||45px|true|true” custom_padding_phone=”0px|25px|35px|25px|false|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” module_alignment_tablet=”left” module_alignment_phone=”center” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|20px|20px|20px|20px” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93,%22gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f%22:%91%22text_text_color%22%93}”]Gaur egun, Portalondok denda bat dauka beheko solairuan. Atzean geratu da haren defentsa-funtzioa, izenak berak dioen moduan, hiribildura sartzeko ateetako bat zaintzen baitzuen. Haren horma sendoek suteak, arpilatzeak eta mota guztietako gerrak jasan dituzte. Denboraren lekuko, bertan jarraitzen dute leiho bikiek, ojiba-arkuan amaitzen direnak, eta hiru kanoi-zuloak. Azken horien kasuan, haien kokaleku bereziki baxua gailentzen da eta, jatorrian, zorua gaur egun baino dezente beherago zegoela adierazten digu horrek. [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” z_index=”110″ custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” max_width=”2560px” min_height=”350.5px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ module_class=”dos-columnas” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/tranvi\u0301a4.jpg” title_text=”tranvi\u0301a4″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ module_class=”dos-columnas” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo.jpg” title_text=”portalondo” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo2.jpg” title_text=”portalondo2″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/plazaberri1.jpg” title_text=”plazaberri1″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f” header_2_font_size=”24px” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f%22:%91%22text_text_color%22%93}”]<\/p>\n
Bandoen guerra:<\/strong><\/p>\n https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guerras_de_bandos<\/a><\/p>\n