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Portalondo<\/h1>\n

De les germandats a les diputacions<\/h2>\n

Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez de Alcega era un dels senyors feudals m\u00e9s importants de la baixa edat mitjana a Guip\u00fascoa. El seu llinatge es va establir a Hernani i no dubtava a organitzar matrimonis de conveni\u00e8ncia per afavorir el poder de la seva l\u00ednia success\u00f2ria. Cobraven delmes i impostos per gaireb\u00e9 tot, obtenien rendes de ferreries, f\u00e0briques, camps\u2026 Governaven com a tirans o \u00abjauntxos\u00bb i, a canvi, oferien una suposada seguretat i protecci\u00f3 als seus s\u00fabdits. <\/p>\n

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Aquests \u00abparents majors\u00bb es van organitzar entorn de dos grans b\u00e0ndols: els onyacins, afins al regne de Castella, i els gambo\u00efns, alineats amb el regne de Navarra. Tot i que, en m\u00e9s d\u2019una ocasi\u00f3, els interessos partidistes servien per trencar qualsevol alian\u00e7a. <\/p>\n

Van acumular molt de poder, controlant viles i valls. Fins i tot la figura del rei es va veure amena\u00e7ada: van arribar a protegir delinq\u00fcents, la qual cosa afavoria els robatoris i els saqueigs en la denominada \u00abfrontera de malfactors\u00bb \u2014entre els regnes de Navarra i Castella\u2014, per tal de debilitar la figura del rei. <\/p>\n

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border_radii=”on|20px|20px|20px|20px” border_radii_tablet=”” border_radii_phone=”on|0px|0px|0px|0px” border_radii_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93}”]<\/p>\n

Els monarques castellans es van saber apropiar d\u2019una imatge de pare benefactor que defensava la poblaci\u00f3 davant l\u2019actitud desp\u00f2tica dels \u00abparents majors\u00bb. En aquest context, i sempre amb l\u2019ajuda reial, la Germandat de Guip\u00fascoa va comen\u00e7ar a legislar contra els abusos i les lleis injustes, q\u00fcestionant el monopoli del poder feudal. Evidentment, els \u00abparents majors\u00bb van intentar reaccionar, i van unir les seves forces contra aquell nou poder, per\u00f2 ja era massa tard. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#26211d” background_image=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/saetera.jpg” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” bottom_divider_flip=”vertical” background_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_size_tablet=”cover” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” width_tablet=”100%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width=”1118px” module_alignment=”center” min_height=”605px” min_height_tablet=”” min_height_phone=”0px” min_height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_margin=”-61px|auto|-61px|auto|true|false” custom_margin_tablet=”0px|auto|0px|auto|true|false” custom_margin_phone=”” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_padding=”0px||115px||false|false” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_size_phone=”cover” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” custom_padding=”|47px|||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|49px|||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto Slab||||||||” text_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_text_color=”gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187″ header_2_text_color=”#3f1107″ background_color=”rgba(0,0,0,0.66)” width=”525px” width_tablet=”71%” width_phone=”100%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” max_width=”100%” module_alignment=”right” custom_margin=”50px|20px|35px|20px|false|true” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”0px|0px|98px|0px|false|true” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”35px|50px|35px|50px|true|true” custom_padding_tablet=”|45px||45px|true|true” custom_padding_phone=”35px|25px|35px|25px|true|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” animation_style=”zoom” animation_duration=”300ms” animation_delay=”200ms” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”center” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|20px|20px|20px|20px” border_radii_tablet=”” border_radii_phone=”on|0px|0px|0px|0px” border_radii_last_edited=”on|phone” box_shadow_style=”preset2″ global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93}”]El 1457 el rei Enric IV, despr\u00e9s de posar fi a aquestes conteses, en les anomenades \u00abGuerres de b\u00e0ndols\u00bb, mana escap\u00e7ar les torres, les parts altes, d\u2019aquells palaus o cases pairals dels \u00abparents majors\u00bb, i aix\u00ed van perdre els seus elements defensius (merlets, garites\u2026). Portalondo etxea o la \u00abTorre dels Gentils\u00bb va ser una de les torres escap\u00e7ades, i Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez de Alcega \u2014que probablement en va ser l\u2019amo\u2014, un d\u2019aquells senyors que, juntament amb les seves tropes, van ser deportats i obligats a combatre en terres andaluses contra el regne nassarita de Granada. Anys m\u00e9s tard, el 1460, van ser indultats i van tornar a Guip\u00fascoa, per\u00f2 ja res no tornaria a ser el mateix. Les germandats i les institucions municipals I provincials havien creat el germen d\u2019una nova manera d\u2019autolegislaci\u00f3, que establia una noblesa col\u00b7lectiva. De manera que les prov\u00edncies es consideraven terrenys nobles, i els seus habitants, \u00e9ssers lliures. En els segles posteriors es van consolidar els furs i van n\u00e9ixer institucions d\u2019autogovern provincial, que van donar origen als actuals \u201cterritoris hist\u00f2rics\u201d.
\n <\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#e4e3d1″ background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”initial” background_position=”bottom_right” module_alignment=”center” min_height_tablet=”” min_height_phone=”” min_height_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_margin=”||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” bottom_divider_flip=”vertical” background_last_edited=”on|tablet” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_2,1_2″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo-eraikina3.jpg” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_right” positioning=”none” width=”100%” width_tablet=”100%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width=”1200px” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”201px||201px||true|false” custom_padding_tablet=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding_phone=”41px||11px||false|false” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_image_phone=”off” background_size_phone=”cover” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_left” horizontal_offset=”0px” z_index=”63″ custom_padding=”|0px|||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”|2px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto Slab||||||||” text_text_color=”gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f” header_text_color=”gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187″ header_2_text_color=”#3f1107″ background_enable_color=”off” z_index=”22″ width_tablet=”52%” width_phone=”100%” width_last_edited=”on|phone” module_alignment=”right” custom_margin=”0px|0px|10px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”30px||||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”35px|0px|35px|46px|true|false” custom_padding_tablet=”|45px||45px|true|true” custom_padding_phone=”0px|25px|35px|25px|false|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” module_alignment_tablet=”left” module_alignment_phone=”center” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|phone” border_radii=”on|20px|20px|20px|20px” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93,%22gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f%22:%91%22text_text_color%22%93}”]Portalondo \u00e9s, avui, una casa d\u2019habitatges amb un comer\u00e7 a la planta baixa. Enrere en queda la funci\u00f3 defensiva, que \u2014com el seu nom indica\u2014 tenia com a objecte guardar una de les portes a la vila. Els seus robustos murs han aguantat incendis, saquejos i guerres de tot tipus. Com a testimonis del temps en queden les finestres geminades, acabades en arc ogival, i tres troneres, de les quals sorpr\u00e8n la posici\u00f3 especialment baixa i que ens indica que, en origen, el terra era for\u00e7a m\u00e9s baix que avui dia. [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_2″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” z_index=”110″ custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,1_4,1_4,1_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” gutter_width=”1″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” max_width=”2560px” min_height=”350.5px” custom_margin=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ module_class=”dos-columnas” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/tranvi\u0301a4.jpg” title_text=”tranvi\u0301a4″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ module_class=”dos-columnas” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo.jpg” title_text=”portalondo” show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo2.jpg” title_text=”portalondo2″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/plazaberri1.jpg” title_text=”plazaberri1″ show_in_lightbox=”on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” box_shadow_style=”preset6″ box_shadow_spread=”10px” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f” header_2_font_size=”24px” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f%22:%91%22text_text_color%22%93}”]<\/p>\n

Enlla\u00e7os d’inter\u00e8s:<\/h2>\n

Guerres de b\u00e0ndols:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guerras_de_bandos<\/a><\/p>\n

Portalondo:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/turismo.euskadi.eus\/es\/patrimonio-cultural\/casa-portalondo-o-torre-de-los-gentiles\/aa30-12375\/es\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Portalondo De les germandats a les diputacions Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez de Alcega era un dels senyors feudals m\u00e9s importants de la baixa edat mitjana a Guip\u00fascoa. El seu llinatge es va establir a Hernani i no dubtava a organitzar matrimonis de conveni\u00e8ncia per afavorir el poder de la seva l\u00ednia success\u00f2ria. Cobraven delmes i impostos per […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14230","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14230"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16190,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14230\/revisions\/16190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}