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Portalondo<\/h1>\n

De les germandats a les diputacions<\/h2>\n

Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez de Alcega era un dels senyors feudals m\u00e9s importants de la baixa edat mitjana a Guip\u00fascoa. El seu llinatge es va establir a Hernani i no dubtava a organitzar matrimonis de conveni\u00e8ncia per afavorir el poder de la seva l\u00ednia success\u00f2ria. Cobraven delmes i impostos per gaireb\u00e9 tot, obtenien rendes de ferreries, f\u00e0briques, camps\u2026 Governaven com a tirans o \u00abjauntxos\u00bb i, a canvi, oferien una suposada seguretat i protecci\u00f3 als seus s\u00fabdits. <\/p>\n

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Aquests \u00abparents majors\u00bb es van organitzar entorn de dos grans b\u00e0ndols: els onyacins, afins al regne de Castella, i els gambo\u00efns, alineats amb el regne de Navarra. Tot i que, en m\u00e9s d\u2019una ocasi\u00f3, els interessos partidistes servien per trencar qualsevol alian\u00e7a. <\/p>\n

Van acumular molt de poder, controlant viles i valls. Fins i tot la figura del rei es va veure amena\u00e7ada: van arribar a protegir delinq\u00fcents, la qual cosa afavoria els robatoris i els saqueigs en la denominada \u00abfrontera de malfactors\u00bb \u2014entre els regnes de Navarra i Castella\u2014, per tal de debilitar la figura del rei. <\/p>\n

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custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbfade\u00bb animation_duration=\u00bb1300ms\u00bb background_color_tablet=\u00bbrgba(255,255,255,0.73)\u00bb background_color_phone=\u00bbrgba(255,255,255,0.92)\u00bb background_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb background_enable_color_tablet=\u00bbon\u00bb background_enable_color_phone=\u00bbon\u00bb module_alignment_tablet=\u00bbcenter\u00bb module_alignment_phone=\u00bbcenter\u00bb module_alignment_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb border_radii=\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00bb border_radii_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb border_radii_phone=\u00bbon|0px|0px|0px|0px\u00bb border_radii_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93}\u00bb]En aquest ambient d\u2019inestabilitat total, i amb una poblaci\u00f3 farta d\u2019abusos, les viles van comen\u00e7ar a organitzar-se entorn de germandats, fins que al 1396, i amb el patrocini del regne de Castella, neix la Germandat de Guip\u00fascoa.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#d2cbc5″ background_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/ventanas.jpg\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb min_height=\u00bb387px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|0px|0px|0px|false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00bb bottom_divider_flip=\u00bbvertical\u00bb background_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_enable_image=\u00bboff\u00bb background_size=\u00bbcontain\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb100%\u00bb 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Els monarques castellans es van saber apropiar d\u2019una imatge de pare benefactor que defensava la poblaci\u00f3 davant l\u2019actitud desp\u00f2tica dels \u00abparents majors\u00bb. En aquest context, i sempre amb l\u2019ajuda reial, la Germandat de Guip\u00fascoa va comen\u00e7ar a legislar contra els abusos i les lleis injustes, q\u00fcestionant el monopoli del poder feudal. Evidentment, els \u00abparents majors\u00bb van intentar reaccionar, i van unir les seves forces contra aquell nou poder, per\u00f2 ja era massa tard. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#26211d\u00bb background_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/saetera.jpg\u00bb background_size=\u00bbcontain\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00bb bottom_divider_flip=\u00bbvertical\u00bb background_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb background_size_tablet=\u00bbcover\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_enable_image=\u00bboff\u00bb background_size=\u00bbcontain\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb100%\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb max_width=\u00bb1118px\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb min_height=\u00bb605px\u00bb min_height_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb min_height_phone=\u00bb0px\u00bb min_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb-61px|auto|-61px|auto|true|false\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb0px|auto|0px|auto|true|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||115px||false|false\u00bb background_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb background_size_phone=\u00bbcover\u00bb module_alignment_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb module_alignment_phone=\u00bb\u00bb module_alignment_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_enable_image=\u00bboff\u00bb background_size=\u00bbcontain\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb|47px|||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb|49px|||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb|0px||0px|false|false\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font=\u00bbRoboto Slab||||||||\u00bb text_text_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb header_text_color=\u00bbgcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187″ header_2_text_color=\u00bb#3f1107″ background_color=\u00bbrgba(0,0,0,0.66)\u00bb width=\u00bb525px\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb71%\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb100%\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb max_width=\u00bb100%\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbright\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb50px|20px|35px|20px|false|true\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb0px|0px|98px|0px|false|true\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb35px|50px|35px|50px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb|45px||45px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb35px|25px|35px|25px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb animation_style=\u00bbzoom\u00bb animation_duration=\u00bb300ms\u00bb animation_delay=\u00bb200ms\u00bb module_alignment_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb module_alignment_phone=\u00bbcenter\u00bb module_alignment_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb border_radii=\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00bb border_radii_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb border_radii_phone=\u00bbon|0px|0px|0px|0px\u00bb border_radii_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb box_shadow_style=\u00bbpreset2″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93}\u00bb]El 1457 el rei Enric IV, despr\u00e9s de posar fi a aquestes conteses, en les anomenades \u00abGuerres de b\u00e0ndols\u00bb, mana escap\u00e7ar les torres, les parts altes, d\u2019aquells palaus o cases pairals dels \u00abparents majors\u00bb, i aix\u00ed van perdre els seus elements defensius (merlets, garites\u2026). Portalondo etxea o la \u00abTorre dels Gentils\u00bb va ser una de les torres escap\u00e7ades, i Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez de Alcega \u2014que probablement en va ser l\u2019amo\u2014, un d\u2019aquells senyors que, juntament amb les seves tropes, van ser deportats i obligats a combatre en terres andaluses contra el regne nassarita de Granada. Anys m\u00e9s tard, el 1460, van ser indultats i van tornar a Guip\u00fascoa, per\u00f2 ja res no tornaria a ser el mateix. Les germandats i les institucions municipals I provincials havien creat el germen d\u2019una nova manera d\u2019autolegislaci\u00f3, que establia una noblesa col\u00b7lectiva. De manera que les prov\u00edncies es consideraven terrenys nobles, i els seus habitants, \u00e9ssers lliures. En els segles posteriors es van consolidar els furs i van n\u00e9ixer institucions d\u2019autogovern provincial, que van donar origen als actuals \u201cterritoris hist\u00f2rics\u201d.
\n <\/span>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#e4e3d1″ background_enable_image=\u00bboff\u00bb background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbbottom_right\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb min_height_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb min_height_phone=\u00bb\u00bb min_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||false|false\u00bb bottom_divider_flip=\u00bbvertical\u00bb background_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2″ custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_image=\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/portalondo-eraikina3.jpg\u00bb background_size=\u00bbcontain\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_right\u00bb positioning=\u00bbnone\u00bb width=\u00bb100%\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb100%\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb max_width=\u00bb1200px\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb201px||201px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb41px||11px||false|false\u00bb background_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb background_enable_image_phone=\u00bboff\u00bb background_size_phone=\u00bbcover\u00bb module_alignment_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb module_alignment_phone=\u00bb\u00bb module_alignment_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_enable_image=\u00bboff\u00bb background_size=\u00bbcontain\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb horizontal_offset=\u00bb0px\u00bb z_index=\u00bb63″ custom_padding=\u00bb|0px|||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb|2px||0px|false|false\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font=\u00bbRoboto Slab||||||||\u00bb text_text_color=\u00bbgcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f\u00bb header_text_color=\u00bbgcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187″ header_2_text_color=\u00bb#3f1107″ background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb z_index=\u00bb22″ width_tablet=\u00bb52%\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb100%\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbright\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb0px|0px|10px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb30px||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb0px||||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb35px|0px|35px|46px|true|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb|45px||45px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb0px|25px|35px|25px|false|true\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb module_alignment_tablet=\u00bbleft\u00bb module_alignment_phone=\u00bbcenter\u00bb module_alignment_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb border_radii=\u00bbon|20px|20px|20px|20px\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%22header_text_color%22%93,%22gcid-ce11580d-a74d-4e9c-95e0-a42e5dd66a2f%22:%91%22text_text_color%22%93}\u00bb]Portalondo \u00e9s, avui, una casa d\u2019habitatges amb un comer\u00e7 a la planta baixa. Enrere en queda la funci\u00f3 defensiva, que \u2014com el seu nom indica\u2014 tenia com a objecte guardar una de les portes a la vila. Els seus robustos murs han aguantat incendis, saquejos i guerres de tot tipus. Com a testimonis del temps en queden les finestres geminades, acabades en arc ogival, i tres troneres, de les quals sorpr\u00e8n la posici\u00f3 especialment baixa i que ens indica que, en origen, el terra era for\u00e7a m\u00e9s baix que avui dia. 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Enlla\u00e7os d’inter\u00e8s:<\/h2>\n

Guerres de b\u00e0ndols:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guerras_de_bandos<\/a><\/p>\n

Portalondo:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/turismo.euskadi.eus\/es\/patrimonio-cultural\/casa-portalondo-o-torre-de-los-gentiles\/aa30-12375\/es\/<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Portalondo De les germandats a les diputacions Mart\u00edn P\u00e9rez de Alcega era un dels senyors feudals m\u00e9s importants de la baixa edat mitjana a Guip\u00fascoa. El seu llinatge es va establir a Hernani i no dubtava a organitzar matrimonis de conveni\u00e8ncia per afavorir el poder de la seva l\u00ednia success\u00f2ria. Cobraven delmes i impostos per […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-14230","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14230"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16190,"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/14230\/revisions\/16190"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}