[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”audio” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874″ positioning=”fixed” position_origin_f=”bottom_left” vertical_offset=”0px” z_index=”102″ max_height=”90px” custom_margin=”0px|0px|0px|0px|true|true” custom_padding=”0px|0px|0px|0px|true|false” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%22background_color%22%93}”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ module_id=”dos-columnas3-4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width=”100%” custom_margin=”||||true|false” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” custom_css_main_element=”display: flex;” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”gcid-faaedd77-499c-4683-8aad-da3b53f60737″ custom_padding=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_css_main_element=”max-width: 30%” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-faaedd77-499c-4683-8aad-da3b53f60737%22:%91%22background_color%22%93}”][et_pb_blurb title=”Comment arriver” url_new_window=”on” use_icon=”on” font_icon=”||divi||400″ icon_color=”gcid-ec43bfa0-441b-4bfa-a954-95f07f1467c9″ image_icon_width=”34px” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” header_font_size=”16px” body_font=”Roboto Slab||||||||” body_font_size=”15px” body_line_height=”1.3em” text_orientation=”center” background_layout=”dark” custom_padding=”8px||8px||true|false” link_option_url=”https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/dir\/\/43.2658901,-1.9745775\/@43.2657129,-1.9746355,20z\/data=!4m2!4m1!3e2″ link_option_url_new_window=”on” custom_css_blurb_image=”padding-top: 5px;” custom_css_blurb_title=”margin-top:-20px;||margin-bottom: 10px;” icon_font_size=”34px” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-ec43bfa0-441b-4bfa-a954-95f07f1467c9%22:%91%22icon_color%22%93}” custom_css_blurb_image_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_css_blurb_title_last_edited=”on|desktop” custom_css_blurb_image_tablet=”padding-top: 5px;” custom_css_blurb_image_phone=”padding-top: 5px;” custom_css_blurb_title_tablet=”margin-top:-20px;||margin-bottom: 10px;” custom_css_blurb_title_phone=”margin-top:-20px;||margin-bottom: 10px;”][\/et_pb_blurb][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_audio audio=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/7.-Andre-kaleaCAT.mp3″ title=”7. 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Andre kalea \u00e9s l\u2019\u201caltre\u201d carrer que formava part d\u2019aquell Hernani medieval. Observant-ne els edificis \u00e9s f\u00e0cil concloure que Kale Nagusia era el carrer de la gent acabalada: comerciants d\u2019\u00e8xit i aristocr\u00e0cia, principalment A Andre kalea hi vivien les classes treballadores m\u00e9s humils, en cases m\u00e9s senzilles. En origen eren de dues altures; a la planta baixa s\u2019hi guardaven aliments peribles i sidra, i a la planta superior s\u2019hi situava l\u2019habitatge.<\/p>\n
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La majoria estan separades per un mur tallafoc; els incendis han estat una constant en la hist\u00f2ria d\u2019Hernani, i frenar-ne el poder destructiu, una aut\u00e8ntica obsessi\u00f3. A les ordenances del 1542 es recull que els habitatges s\u2019havien de construir amb \u00abcal y canto\u00bb (ma\u00e7oneria), i evitar les construccions de fusta. Aix\u00ed mateix, el Consell assumia les despeses que podien suposar mesures extraordin\u00e0ries, com la demolici\u00f3 de les cases lim\u00edtrofes a un focus de foc o, ja que l\u2019acc\u00e9s a l\u2019aigua era complicat, la utilitzaci\u00f3 de sidra com a mitj\u00e0 per sufocar el foc. <\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”kupela” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” background_image=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Txotx-garaia.jpeg” parallax=”on” min_height=”387px” custom_padding=”0px||0px||false|false” top_divider_flip=”horizontal” bottom_divider_flip=”horizontal” background_color_phone=”#a68541″ background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_color_tablet=”off” background_enable_color_phone=”on” background_image_tablet=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Txotx-garaia.jpeg” background_enable_image_tablet=”on” background_enable_image_phone=”off” background_size_tablet=”contain” background_size_phone=”cover” background_position_tablet=”top_right” background_position_phone=”top_right” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_color=”off” width_tablet=”90%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width=”922px” max_width_tablet=”1227px” max_width_phone=”486px” max_width_last_edited=”on|tablet” module_alignment=”right” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”45px|5%||5%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”32px|0%||0%|false|false” animation_style=”fade” animation_delay=”300ms” background_enable_image_tablet=”off” module_alignment_tablet=”center” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_right” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_image_tablet=”off” background_size_tablet=”cover” background_size_phone=”cover” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Roboto Slab||||||||” text_text_color=”rgba(255,255,255,0.87)” header_text_color=”#FFFFFF” header_2_text_color=”gcid-93c81946-518e-40ed-bc92-25d6abe8e033″ background_color=”rgba(22,14,3,0.88)” text_orientation=”center” max_width=”95%” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px||0px||true|false” custom_padding=”35px|50px|35px|50px|true|true” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px|0px|0px|0px|true|true” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_color_phone=”off” border_radii=”on|20px|20px|20px|20px” border_radii_tablet=”” border_radii_phone=”on|0px|0px|0px|0px” border_radii_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-0c77fdef-c800-4355-95e8-889dc0883874%22:%91%93,%22gcid-93c81946-518e-40ed-bc92-25d6abe8e033%22:%91%22header_2_text_color%22%93,%22gcid-ec43bfa0-441b-4bfa-a954-95f07f1467c9%22:%91%93,%22gcid-581d8fed-f125-456b-a027-513d132d6187%22:%91%93,%22gcid-2267294a-e7d5-4236-82f7-2931237b7eba%22:%91%93}”]La sidra \u00e9s part de la identitat d\u2019Hernani. El ge\u00f2graf grec Estrab\u00f3, al segle I, parlava d\u2019\u00abuna poci\u00f3 especial que es feia amb trossos de pomes bullides en aigua i una mica de mel\u00bb, que els vascons bevien i a la qual anomenaven \u00abphitarra\u00bb. A partir de llavors s\u00f3n nombrosos els documents hist\u00f2rics i els relats de viatgers que parlen d\u2019enormes extensions de pomars i la utilitzaci\u00f3 de la sidra com a beguda habitual entre la gent comuna. La producci\u00f3 i el consum de sidra van arribar a ser tan importants que es va necessitar una legislaci\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia que proteg\u00eds les explotacions i la qualitat de la sidra. Aix\u00ed, al segle XVI, es van fixar fortes sancions per a qui barreg\u00e9s la sidra amb aigua, fins i tot es podia condemnar a mort o al desterrament a qui destross\u00e9s pomeres o botes. A partir del segle XV, l\u2019ordre de venda s\u2019establia mitjan\u00e7ant sorteig. Les kupelas se segellaven, i fins que no s\u2019acabava la d\u2019un productor no es comen\u00e7ava la del seg\u00fcent. Aix\u00ed mateix, mentre hi hagu\u00e9s sidra local no es podia consumir sidra de fora. El preu de venda s\u2019establia de com\u00fa acord entre, d\u2019una banda, el representant dels productors, i, de l\u2019altra, el dels consumidors. En cas de disconformitat, hi intervenia una tercera autoritat. L\u2019obertura de la temporada era un esdeveniment: sonaven les campanes i s\u2019anunciava mitjan\u00e7ant el ban municipal.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Txotx-garaia.jpeg” title_text=”Txotx-garaia” disabled_on=”off|on|on” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”25px||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ admin_label=”balea” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#8beafe” background_image=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/balea.jpg” background_position=”top_center” min_height=”387px” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”10px||2px||false|false” top_divider_flip=”horizontal” bottom_divider_flip=”horizontal” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_color_tablet=”off” background_image_tablet=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/balea.jpg” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/www.hernanihiribildua.eus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/balea.jpg” background_enable_image_tablet=”on” background_enable_image_phone=”on” background_size_tablet=”contain” background_size_phone=”contain” background_position_tablet=”bottom_center” background_position_phone=”bottom_center” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” width_tablet=”90%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width=”922px” max_width_tablet=”1227px” max_width_phone=”486px” max_width_last_edited=”on|tablet” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”0px|5%||5%|false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px|0%||0%|false|false” animation_style=”fade” animation_delay=”300ms” background_enable_image_tablet=”off” module_alignment_tablet=”center” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|desktop” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_right” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_image_tablet=”off” background_size_tablet=”cover” background_size_phone=”cover” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text content_tablet=”<\/p>\n
Per\u00f2 potser el cap\u00edtol m\u00e9s interessant el constitueix el vincle entre els marins bascos i la sidra. Els bascos van aprendre dels vikings les t\u00e8cniques de navegaci\u00f3 i de construcci\u00f3 de vaixells. Des de l\u2019edat mitjana van comerciar amb la balena fins que es van convertir en els l\u00edders mundials d\u2019aquesta ind\u00fastria. Precisament, buscant caladors de peix, van arribar al mar del Nord, Isl\u00e0ndia, Groenl\u00e0ndia i, finalment, Terranova, possiblement en \u00e8poca precolombina. <\/p>\n
Eren expedicions complexes que duraven diversos mesos, en els quals l\u2019aigua potable suposava un problema, ja que amb el temps es corrompia. La soluci\u00f3 era una barreja d\u2019aigua i sidra. Es calcula que cada mar\u00ed en bevia uns tres litres al dia, la qual cosa suma un total de 50.000 litres per a expedicions de 8\/9 mesos. Probablement sense saber-ho, la sidra els aportava els nutrients i la vitamina C necess\u00e0ria per no emmalaltir i evitar l\u2019escorbut. <\/p>\n
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Per\u00f2 potser el cap\u00edtol m\u00e9s interessant el constitueix el vincle entre els marins bascos i la sidra. Els bascos van aprendre dels vikings les t\u00e8cniques de navegaci\u00f3 i de construcci\u00f3 de vaixells. Des de l\u2019edat mitjana van comerciar amb la balena fins que es van convertir en els l\u00edders mundials d\u2019aquesta ind\u00fastria. Precisament, buscant caladors de peix, van arribar al mar del Nord, Isl\u00e0ndia, Groenl\u00e0ndia i, finalment, Terranova, possiblement en \u00e8poca precolombina. <\/p>\n
Eren expedicions complexes que duraven diversos mesos, en els quals l\u2019aigua potable suposava un problema, ja que amb el temps es corrompia. La soluci\u00f3 era una barreja d\u2019aigua i sidra. Es calcula que cada mar\u00ed en bevia uns tres litres al dia, la qual cosa suma un total de 50.000 litres per a expedicions de 8\/9 mesos. Probablement sense saber-ho, la sidra els aportava els nutrients i la vitamina C necess\u00e0ria per no emmalaltir i evitar l\u2019escorbut. <\/p>\n
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Per\u00f2 potser el cap\u00edtol m\u00e9s interessant el constitueix el vincle entre els marins bascos i la sidra. Els bascos van aprendre dels vikings les t\u00e8cniques de navegaci\u00f3 i de construcci\u00f3 de vaixells. Des de l\u2019edat mitjana van comerciar amb la balena fins que es van convertir en els l\u00edders mundials d\u2019aquesta ind\u00fastria. Precisament, buscant caladors de peix, van arribar al mar del Nord, Isl\u00e0ndia, Groenl\u00e0ndia i, finalment, Terranova, possiblement en \u00e8poca precolombina. <\/p>\n
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Eren expedicions complexes que duraven diversos mesos, en els quals l\u2019aigua potable suposava un problema, ja que amb el temps es corrompia. La soluci\u00f3 era una barreja d\u2019aigua i sidra. Es calcula que cada mar\u00ed en bevia uns tres litres al dia, la qual cosa suma un total de 50.000 litres per a expedicions de 8\/9 mesos. Probablement sense saber-ho, la sidra els aportava els nutrients i la vitamina C necess\u00e0ria per no emmalaltir i evitar l\u2019escorbut. <\/p>\n
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Avui dia, l\u2019inici de la temporada de sidra \u2014el \u00abtxotx\u00bb\u2014 s\u2019ha convertit en un esdeveniment social, que transcendeix el nostre territori, i les sagardotegis i el consum de sidra s\u2019ha normalitzat durant tot l\u2019any.<\/p>\n
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EVOLUCI\u00d3N HIST\u00d3RICO-CONSTRUCTIVA DE LOS EDIFICIOS RESIDENCIALES DEL CASCO HIST\u00d3RICO DE HERNANI:<\/strong><\/p>\n https:\/\/addi.ehu.es\/bitstream\/handle\/10810\/23388\/TESIS_SANTOLARIA%20DEL%20CAMPO_OIHANA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y<\/a><\/p>\n La sidra:<\/strong><\/p>\n